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外贸发货做网站怎么写,创保网app下载,centos6.3 网站开发,中铁建设门户网登录入口在哪OpenGL笔记七之顶点数据绘制命令和绘制模式 —— 2024-07-07 杭州 下午 总结自bilibili赵新政老师的教程 code review! 文章目录 OpenGL笔记七之顶点数据绘制命令和绘制模式1.OpenGL版本号更改和编译更改2.GL_TRIANGLES模式绘制一个三角形、支持NFC坐标随窗口缩放2.1.三个点…OpenGL笔记七之顶点数据绘制命令和绘制模式 —— 2024-07-07 杭州 下午 总结自bilibili赵新政老师的教程 code review! 文章目录 OpenGL笔记七之顶点数据绘制命令和绘制模式1.OpenGL版本号更改和编译更改2.GL_TRIANGLES模式绘制一个三角形、支持NFC坐标随窗口缩放2.1.三个点2.2.四个点从0号点开始数3个点2.3.四个点从1号点开始数3个点2.4.四个点从2号点开始数3个点2.5.六个点从0号点开始数6个点2.6.六个点从0号点开始数5个点 3.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP模式绘制三角形4.GL_TRIANGLES_FAN模式绘制三角形5.绘制直线GL_LINES模式6.绘制直线GL_LINES_STRIP模式7.其他代码文件7.1.主CMakeLists.txt7.2.application\CMakeLists.txt7.3.application\Application.h7.4.application\Application.cpp7.5.wrapper\CMakeLists.txt7.6.wrapper\checkError.h7.7.wrapper\checkError.cpp 1.OpenGL版本号更改和编译更改 #version 330 core\nglfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3); glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);2.GL_TRIANGLES模式绘制一个三角形、支持NFC坐标随窗口缩放 2.1.三个点 运行
关键代码 prepareInterleavedBuffer(); // prepareVAOForGLTriangles();glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3); // glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, 6);main.cpp #include iostream#define DEBUG//注意glad头文件必须在glfw引用之前引用 #include glad/glad.h #include GLFW/glfw3.h #include string #include assert.h//断言 #include wrapper/checkError.h #include application/Application.h/* *┌────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ *│　目 标 学习glDrawArrays进行绘制命令 *│　讲 师 赵新政(Carma Zhao) *│　拆分目标 *│ *│　 1 采用GL_TRANGLES进行绘制

• ** 这里大家可以缩放窗体实验NDC坐标的作用*│　 2 prepareVAOForGLTriangles:构建四个顶点的vao *│　 3 测试Triangle的三种modeTRIANGLES TRIANGLE_STRIP TRIANGLE_FAN *│　 4 测试Line的二种modeLINES LINE_STRIP *└────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ */GLuint vao, program;void OnResize(int width, int height) {GL_CALL(glViewport(0, 0, width, height));std::cout OnResize std::endl; }void OnKey(int key, int action, int mods) {std::cout key std::endl; }void prepareSingleBuffer() {//1 准备positions colors数据float positions[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f};float colors[] {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};//2 使用数据生成两个vbo posVbo colorVboGLuint posVbo, colorVbo;glGenBuffers(1, posVbo);glGenBuffers(1, colorVbo);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(positions), positions, GL_STATIC_DRAW);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, colorVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(colors), colors, GL_STATIC_DRAW);//3 生成vao并且绑定GLuint vao 0;glGenVertexArrays(1, vao);glBindVertexArray(vao);//4 分别将位置/颜色属性的描述信息加入vao当中//4.1描述位置属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);//只有绑定了posVbo下面的属性描述才会与此vbo相关glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);//4.2 描述颜色属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, colorVbo);glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);glBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareInterleavedBuffer() {//1 准备好Interleaved数据位置颜色float vertices[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};//2 创建唯一的vboGLuint vbo 0;GL_CALL(glGenBuffers(1, vbo));GL_CALL(glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo));GL_CALL(glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW));//3 创建并绑定vaoGL_CALL(glGenVertexArrays(1, vao));GL_CALL(glBindVertexArray(vao));GL_CALL(glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo));//4 为vao加入位置和颜色的描述信息//4.1 位置描述信息GL_CALL(glEnableVertexAttribArray(0));GL_CALL(glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)0));//4.2 颜色描述信息GL_CALL(glEnableVertexAttribArray(1));GL_CALL(glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)(3 * sizeof(float))));//5 扫尾工作解绑当前vaoglBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareVAOForGLTriangles() {//1 准备positionsfloat positions[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f,0.8f, 0.8f, 0.0f,0.8f, 0.0f, 0.0f};//2 posVboGLuint posVbo;glGenBuffers(1, posVbo);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(positions), positions, GL_STATIC_DRAW);//3 生成vao并且绑定glGenVertexArrays(1, vao);glBindVertexArray(vao);//4 描述位置属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void)0);glBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareShader() {//1 完成vs与fs的源代码并且装入字符串const char vertexShaderSource #version 330 core\nlayout (location 0) in vec3 aPos;\nvoid main()\n{\n gl_Position vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);\n}\0;const char* fragmentShaderSource #version 330 core\nout vec4 FragColor;\nvoid main()\n{\n FragColor vec4(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f, 1.0f);\n}\n\0;//2 创建Shader程序vs、fsGLuint vertex, fragment;vertex glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);fragment glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);//3 为shader程序输入shader代码glShaderSource(vertex, 1, vertexShaderSource, NULL);glShaderSource(fragment, 1, fragmentShaderSource, NULL);int success 0;char infoLog[1024];//4 执行shader代码编译 glCompileShader(vertex);//检查vertex编译结果glGetShaderiv(vertex, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetShaderInfoLog(vertex, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER COMPILE ERROR –VERTEX \n infoLog std::endl;}glCompileShader(fragment);//检查fragment编译结果glGetShaderiv(fragment, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetShaderInfoLog(fragment, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER COMPILE ERROR –FRAGMENT \n infoLog std::endl;}//5 创建一个Program壳子program glCreateProgram();//6 将vs与fs编译好的结果放到program这个壳子里glAttachShader(program, vertex);glAttachShader(program, fragment);//7 执行program的链接操作形成最终可执行shader程序glLinkProgram(program);//检查链接错误glGetProgramiv(program, GL_LINK_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetProgramInfoLog(program, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER LINK ERROR \n infoLog std::endl;}//清理glDeleteShader(vertex);glDeleteShader(fragment); }void render() {//执行opengl画布清理操作GL_CALL(glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT));//1 绑定当前的programglUseProgram(program);//2 绑定当前的vaoglBindVertexArray(vao);//3 发出绘制指令glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);// glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, 6); }int main() {if (!app-init(800, 600)) {return -1;}app-setResizeCallback(OnResize);app-setKeyBoardCallback(OnKey);//设置opengl视口以及清理颜色GL_CALL(glViewport(0, 0, 800, 600));GL_CALL(glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f));prepareShader();prepareInterleavedBuffer();// prepareVAOForGLTriangles();while (app-update()) {render();}app-destroy();return 0; }2.2.四个点从0号点开始数3个点 运行
  关键代码 // prepareInterleavedBuffer(); prepareVAOForGLTriangles();float positions[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f,// 0.8f, 0.8f, 0.0f,// 0.8f, 0.0f, 0.0f };main.cpp #include iostream#define DEBUG//注意glad头文件必须在glfw引用之前引用 #include glad/glad.h #include GLFW/glfw3.h #include string #include assert.h//断言 #include wrapper/checkError.h #include application/Application.h/* *┌────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ *│　目 标 学习glDrawArrays进行绘制命令 *│　讲 师 赵新政(Carma Zhao) *│　拆分目标 *│ *│　 1 采用GL_TRANGLES进行绘制

• ** 这里大家可以缩放窗体实验NDC坐标的作用*│　 2 prepareVAOForGLTriangles:构建四个顶点的vao *│　 3 测试Triangle的三种modeTRIANGLES TRIANGLE_STRIP TRIANGLE_FAN *│　 4 测试Line的二种modeLINES LINE_STRIP *└────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ */GLuint vao, program;void OnResize(int width, int height) {GL_CALL(glViewport(0, 0, width, height));std::cout OnResize std::endl; }void OnKey(int key, int action, int mods) {std::cout key std::endl; }void prepareSingleBuffer() {//1 准备positions colors数据float positions[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f};float colors[] {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};//2 使用数据生成两个vbo posVbo colorVboGLuint posVbo, colorVbo;glGenBuffers(1, posVbo);glGenBuffers(1, colorVbo);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(positions), positions, GL_STATIC_DRAW);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, colorVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(colors), colors, GL_STATIC_DRAW);//3 生成vao并且绑定GLuint vao 0;glGenVertexArrays(1, vao);glBindVertexArray(vao);//4 分别将位置/颜色属性的描述信息加入vao当中//4.1描述位置属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);//只有绑定了posVbo下面的属性描述才会与此vbo相关glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);//4.2 描述颜色属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, colorVbo);glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);glBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareInterleavedBuffer() {//1 准备好Interleaved数据位置颜色float vertices[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};//2 创建唯一的vboGLuint vbo 0;GL_CALL(glGenBuffers(1, vbo));GL_CALL(glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo));GL_CALL(glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW));//3 创建并绑定vaoGL_CALL(glGenVertexArrays(1, vao));GL_CALL(glBindVertexArray(vao));GL_CALL(glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo));//4 为vao加入位置和颜色的描述信息//4.1 位置描述信息GL_CALL(glEnableVertexAttribArray(0));GL_CALL(glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)0));//4.2 颜色描述信息GL_CALL(glEnableVertexAttribArray(1));GL_CALL(glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)(3 * sizeof(float))));//5 扫尾工作解绑当前vaoglBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareVAOForGLTriangles() {//1 准备positionsfloat positions[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f,// 0.8f, 0.8f, 0.0f,// 0.8f, 0.0f, 0.0f};//2 posVboGLuint posVbo;glGenBuffers(1, posVbo);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(positions), positions, GL_STATIC_DRAW);//3 生成vao并且绑定glGenVertexArrays(1, vao);glBindVertexArray(vao);//4 描述位置属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void)0);glBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareShader() {//1 完成vs与fs的源代码并且装入字符串const char vertexShaderSource #version 330 core\nlayout (location 0) in vec3 aPos;\nvoid main()\n{\n gl_Position vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);\n}\0;const char* fragmentShaderSource #version 330 core\nout vec4 FragColor;\nvoid main()\n{\n FragColor vec4(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f, 1.0f);\n}\n\0;//2 创建Shader程序vs、fsGLuint vertex, fragment;vertex glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);fragment glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);//3 为shader程序输入shader代码glShaderSource(vertex, 1, vertexShaderSource, NULL);glShaderSource(fragment, 1, fragmentShaderSource, NULL);int success 0;char infoLog[1024];//4 执行shader代码编译 glCompileShader(vertex);//检查vertex编译结果glGetShaderiv(vertex, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetShaderInfoLog(vertex, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER COMPILE ERROR –VERTEX \n infoLog std::endl;}glCompileShader(fragment);//检查fragment编译结果glGetShaderiv(fragment, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetShaderInfoLog(fragment, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER COMPILE ERROR –FRAGMENT \n infoLog std::endl;}//5 创建一个Program壳子program glCreateProgram();//6 将vs与fs编译好的结果放到program这个壳子里glAttachShader(program, vertex);glAttachShader(program, fragment);//7 执行program的链接操作形成最终可执行shader程序glLinkProgram(program);//检查链接错误glGetProgramiv(program, GL_LINK_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetProgramInfoLog(program, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER LINK ERROR \n infoLog std::endl;}//清理glDeleteShader(vertex);glDeleteShader(fragment); }void render() {//执行opengl画布清理操作GL_CALL(glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT));//1 绑定当前的programglUseProgram(program);//2 绑定当前的vaoglBindVertexArray(vao);//3 发出绘制指令glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);// glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, 6); }int main() {if (!app-init(800, 600)) {return -1;}app-setResizeCallback(OnResize);app-setKeyBoardCallback(OnKey);//设置opengl视口以及清理颜色GL_CALL(glViewport(0, 0, 800, 600));GL_CALL(glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f));prepareShader();// prepareInterleavedBuffer();prepareVAOForGLTriangles();while (app-update()) {render();}app-destroy();return 0; }2.3.四个点从1号点开始数3个点 运行
  关键代码 glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 1, 3);2.4.四个点从2号点开始数3个点 运行
  关键代码 glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 2, 3);2.5.六个点从0号点开始数6个点 运行
  关键代码 glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6);float positions[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f,0.8f, 0.8f, 0.0f,0.8f, 0.0f, 0.0f };2.6.六个点从0号点开始数5个点 运行
  关键代码 glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 5);3.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP模式绘制三角形 运行
  关键代码 glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 6);main.cpp #include iostream#define DEBUG//注意glad头文件必须在glfw引用之前引用 #include glad/glad.h #include GLFW/glfw3.h #include string #include assert.h//断言 #include wrapper/checkError.h #include application/Application.h/* *┌────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ *│　目 标 学习glDrawArrays进行绘制命令 *│　讲 师 赵新政(Carma Zhao) *│　拆分目标 *│ *│　 1 采用GL_TRANGLES进行绘制

• ** 这里大家可以缩放窗体实验NDC坐标的作用*│　 2 prepareVAOForGLTriangles:构建四个顶点的vao *│　 3 测试Triangle的三种modeTRIANGLES TRIANGLE_STRIP TRIANGLE_FAN *│　 4 测试Line的二种modeLINES LINE_STRIP *└────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ */GLuint vao, program;void OnResize(int width, int height) {GL_CALL(glViewport(0, 0, width, height));std::cout OnResize std::endl; }void OnKey(int key, int action, int mods) {std::cout key std::endl; }void prepareSingleBuffer() {//1 准备positions colors数据float positions[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f};float colors[] {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};//2 使用数据生成两个vbo posVbo colorVboGLuint posVbo, colorVbo;glGenBuffers(1, posVbo);glGenBuffers(1, colorVbo);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(positions), positions, GL_STATIC_DRAW);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, colorVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(colors), colors, GL_STATIC_DRAW);//3 生成vao并且绑定GLuint vao 0;glGenVertexArrays(1, vao);glBindVertexArray(vao);//4 分别将位置/颜色属性的描述信息加入vao当中//4.1描述位置属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);//只有绑定了posVbo下面的属性描述才会与此vbo相关glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);//4.2 描述颜色属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, colorVbo);glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);glBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareInterleavedBuffer() {//1 准备好Interleaved数据位置颜色float vertices[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};//2 创建唯一的vboGLuint vbo 0;GL_CALL(glGenBuffers(1, vbo));GL_CALL(glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo));GL_CALL(glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW));//3 创建并绑定vaoGL_CALL(glGenVertexArrays(1, vao));GL_CALL(glBindVertexArray(vao));GL_CALL(glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo));//4 为vao加入位置和颜色的描述信息//4.1 位置描述信息GL_CALL(glEnableVertexAttribArray(0));GL_CALL(glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)0));//4.2 颜色描述信息GL_CALL(glEnableVertexAttribArray(1));GL_CALL(glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)(3 * sizeof(float))));//5 扫尾工作解绑当前vaoglBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareVAOForGLTriangles() {//1 准备positionsfloat positions[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f,0.8f, 0.8f, 0.0f,0.8f, 0.0f, 0.0f};//2 posVboGLuint posVbo;glGenBuffers(1, posVbo);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(positions), positions, GL_STATIC_DRAW);//3 生成vao并且绑定glGenVertexArrays(1, vao);glBindVertexArray(vao);//4 描述位置属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void)0);glBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareShader() {//1 完成vs与fs的源代码并且装入字符串const char vertexShaderSource #version 330 core\nlayout (location 0) in vec3 aPos;\nvoid main()\n{\n gl_Position vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);\n}\0;const char* fragmentShaderSource #version 330 core\nout vec4 FragColor;\nvoid main()\n{\n FragColor vec4(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f, 1.0f);\n}\n\0;//2 创建Shader程序vs、fsGLuint vertex, fragment;vertex glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);fragment glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);//3 为shader程序输入shader代码glShaderSource(vertex, 1, vertexShaderSource, NULL);glShaderSource(fragment, 1, fragmentShaderSource, NULL);int success 0;char infoLog[1024];//4 执行shader代码编译 glCompileShader(vertex);//检查vertex编译结果glGetShaderiv(vertex, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetShaderInfoLog(vertex, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER COMPILE ERROR –VERTEX \n infoLog std::endl;}glCompileShader(fragment);//检查fragment编译结果glGetShaderiv(fragment, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetShaderInfoLog(fragment, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER COMPILE ERROR –FRAGMENT \n infoLog std::endl;}//5 创建一个Program壳子program glCreateProgram();//6 将vs与fs编译好的结果放到program这个壳子里glAttachShader(program, vertex);glAttachShader(program, fragment);//7 执行program的链接操作形成最终可执行shader程序glLinkProgram(program);//检查链接错误glGetProgramiv(program, GL_LINK_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetProgramInfoLog(program, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER LINK ERROR \n infoLog std::endl;}//清理glDeleteShader(vertex);glDeleteShader(fragment); }void render() {//执行opengl画布清理操作GL_CALL(glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT));//1 绑定当前的programglUseProgram(program);//2 绑定当前的vaoglBindVertexArray(vao);//3 发出绘制指令glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 6);// glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6);// glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, 6); }int main() {if (!app-init(800, 600)) {return -1;}app-setResizeCallback(OnResize);app-setKeyBoardCallback(OnKey);//设置opengl视口以及清理颜色GL_CALL(glViewport(0, 0, 800, 600));GL_CALL(glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f));prepareShader();// prepareInterleavedBuffer();prepareVAOForGLTriangles();while (app-update()) {render();}app-destroy();return 0; }4.GL_TRIANGLES_FAN模式绘制三角形 运行
  关键代码 glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 6);main.cpp #include iostream#define DEBUG//注意glad头文件必须在glfw引用之前引用 #include glad/glad.h #include GLFW/glfw3.h #include string #include assert.h//断言 #include wrapper/checkError.h #include application/Application.h/* *┌────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ *│　目 标 学习glDrawArrays进行绘制命令 *│　讲 师 赵新政(Carma Zhao) *│　拆分目标 *│ *│　 1 采用GL_TRANGLES进行绘制

• ** 这里大家可以缩放窗体实验NDC坐标的作用*│　 2 prepareVAOForGLTriangles:构建四个顶点的vao *│　 3 测试Triangle的三种modeTRIANGLES TRIANGLE_STRIP TRIANGLE_FAN *│　 4 测试Line的二种modeLINES LINE_STRIP *└────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ */GLuint vao, program;void OnResize(int width, int height) {GL_CALL(glViewport(0, 0, width, height));std::cout OnResize std::endl; }void OnKey(int key, int action, int mods) {std::cout key std::endl; }void prepareSingleBuffer() {//1 准备positions colors数据float positions[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f};float colors[] {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};//2 使用数据生成两个vbo posVbo colorVboGLuint posVbo, colorVbo;glGenBuffers(1, posVbo);glGenBuffers(1, colorVbo);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(positions), positions, GL_STATIC_DRAW);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, colorVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(colors), colors, GL_STATIC_DRAW);//3 生成vao并且绑定GLuint vao 0;glGenVertexArrays(1, vao);glBindVertexArray(vao);//4 分别将位置/颜色属性的描述信息加入vao当中//4.1描述位置属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);//只有绑定了posVbo下面的属性描述才会与此vbo相关glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);//4.2 描述颜色属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, colorVbo);glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);glBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareInterleavedBuffer() {//1 准备好Interleaved数据位置颜色float vertices[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};//2 创建唯一的vboGLuint vbo 0;GL_CALL(glGenBuffers(1, vbo));GL_CALL(glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo));GL_CALL(glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW));//3 创建并绑定vaoGL_CALL(glGenVertexArrays(1, vao));GL_CALL(glBindVertexArray(vao));GL_CALL(glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo));//4 为vao加入位置和颜色的描述信息//4.1 位置描述信息GL_CALL(glEnableVertexAttribArray(0));GL_CALL(glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)0));//4.2 颜色描述信息GL_CALL(glEnableVertexAttribArray(1));GL_CALL(glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)(3 * sizeof(float))));//5 扫尾工作解绑当前vaoglBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareVAOForGLTriangles() {//1 准备positionsfloat positions[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f,0.8f, 0.8f, 0.0f,0.8f, 0.0f, 0.0f};//2 posVboGLuint posVbo;glGenBuffers(1, posVbo);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(positions), positions, GL_STATIC_DRAW);//3 生成vao并且绑定glGenVertexArrays(1, vao);glBindVertexArray(vao);//4 描述位置属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void)0);glBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareShader() {//1 完成vs与fs的源代码并且装入字符串const char vertexShaderSource #version 330 core\nlayout (location 0) in vec3 aPos;\nvoid main()\n{\n gl_Position vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);\n}\0;const char* fragmentShaderSource #version 330 core\nout vec4 FragColor;\nvoid main()\n{\n FragColor vec4(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f, 1.0f);\n}\n\0;//2 创建Shader程序vs、fsGLuint vertex, fragment;vertex glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);fragment glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);//3 为shader程序输入shader代码glShaderSource(vertex, 1, vertexShaderSource, NULL);glShaderSource(fragment, 1, fragmentShaderSource, NULL);int success 0;char infoLog[1024];//4 执行shader代码编译 glCompileShader(vertex);//检查vertex编译结果glGetShaderiv(vertex, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetShaderInfoLog(vertex, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER COMPILE ERROR –VERTEX \n infoLog std::endl;}glCompileShader(fragment);//检查fragment编译结果glGetShaderiv(fragment, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetShaderInfoLog(fragment, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER COMPILE ERROR –FRAGMENT \n infoLog std::endl;}//5 创建一个Program壳子program glCreateProgram();//6 将vs与fs编译好的结果放到program这个壳子里glAttachShader(program, vertex);glAttachShader(program, fragment);//7 执行program的链接操作形成最终可执行shader程序glLinkProgram(program);//检查链接错误glGetProgramiv(program, GL_LINK_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetProgramInfoLog(program, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER LINK ERROR \n infoLog std::endl;}//清理glDeleteShader(vertex);glDeleteShader(fragment); }void render() {//执行opengl画布清理操作GL_CALL(glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT));//1 绑定当前的programglUseProgram(program);//2 绑定当前的vaoglBindVertexArray(vao);//3 发出绘制指令glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 6);// glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6);// glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, 6); }int main() {if (!app-init(800, 600)) {return -1;}app-setResizeCallback(OnResize);app-setKeyBoardCallback(OnKey);//设置opengl视口以及清理颜色GL_CALL(glViewport(0, 0, 800, 600));GL_CALL(glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f));prepareShader();// prepareInterleavedBuffer();prepareVAOForGLTriangles();while (app-update()) {render();}app-destroy();return 0; }5.绘制直线GL_LINES模式 运行
  关键代码 glDrawArrays(GL_LINES, 0, 6);6.绘制直线GL_LINES_STRIP模式 运行
  关键代码 glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, 6);main.cpp #include iostream#define DEBUG//注意glad头文件必须在glfw引用之前引用 #include glad/glad.h #include GLFW/glfw3.h #include string #include assert.h//断言 #include wrapper/checkError.h #include application/Application.h/* *┌────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ *│　目 标 学习glDrawArrays进行绘制命令 *│　讲 师 赵新政(Carma Zhao) *│　拆分目标 *│ *│　 1 采用GL_TRANGLES进行绘制

• 		** 这里大家可以缩放窗体实验NDC坐标的作用*│　		2  prepareVAOForGLTriangles:构建四个顶点的vao
  

  *│　 3 测试Triangle的三种modeTRIANGLES TRIANGLE_STRIP TRIANGLE_FAN *│　 4 测试Line的二种modeLINES LINE_STRIP *└────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ */GLuint vao, program;void OnResize(int width, int height) {GL_CALL(glViewport(0, 0, width, height));std::cout OnResize std::endl; }void OnKey(int key, int action, int mods) {std::cout key std::endl; }void prepareSingleBuffer() {//1 准备positions colors数据float positions[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f};float colors[] {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};//2 使用数据生成两个vbo posVbo colorVboGLuint posVbo, colorVbo;glGenBuffers(1, posVbo);glGenBuffers(1, colorVbo);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(positions), positions, GL_STATIC_DRAW);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, colorVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(colors), colors, GL_STATIC_DRAW);//3 生成vao并且绑定GLuint vao 0;glGenVertexArrays(1, vao);glBindVertexArray(vao);//4 分别将位置/颜色属性的描述信息加入vao当中//4.1描述位置属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);//只有绑定了posVbo下面的属性描述才会与此vbo相关glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);//4.2 描述颜色属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, colorVbo);glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);glBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareInterleavedBuffer() {//1 准备好Interleaved数据位置颜色float vertices[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};//2 创建唯一的vboGLuint vbo 0;GL_CALL(glGenBuffers(1, vbo));GL_CALL(glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo));GL_CALL(glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW));//3 创建并绑定vaoGL_CALL(glGenVertexArrays(1, vao));GL_CALL(glBindVertexArray(vao));GL_CALL(glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo));//4 为vao加入位置和颜色的描述信息//4.1 位置描述信息GL_CALL(glEnableVertexAttribArray(0));GL_CALL(glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)0));//4.2 颜色描述信息GL_CALL(glEnableVertexAttribArray(1));GL_CALL(glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)(3 * sizeof(float))));//5 扫尾工作解绑当前vaoglBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareVAOForGLTriangles() {//1 准备positionsfloat positions[] {-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f,0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f,0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f,0.8f, 0.8f, 0.0f,0.8f, 0.0f, 0.0f};//2 posVboGLuint posVbo;glGenBuffers(1, posVbo);glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(positions), positions, GL_STATIC_DRAW);//3 生成vao并且绑定glGenVertexArrays(1, vao);glBindVertexArray(vao);//4 描述位置属性glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, posVbo);glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void)0);glBindVertexArray(0); }void prepareShader() {//1 完成vs与fs的源代码并且装入字符串const char vertexShaderSource #version 330 core\nlayout (location 0) in vec3 aPos;\nvoid main()\n{\n gl_Position vec4(aPos.x, aPos.y, aPos.z, 1.0);\n}\0;const char* fragmentShaderSource #version 330 core\nout vec4 FragColor;\nvoid main()\n{\n FragColor vec4(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f, 1.0f);\n}\n\0;//2 创建Shader程序vs、fsGLuint vertex, fragment;vertex glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);fragment glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);//3 为shader程序输入shader代码glShaderSource(vertex, 1, vertexShaderSource, NULL);glShaderSource(fragment, 1, fragmentShaderSource, NULL);int success 0;char infoLog[1024];//4 执行shader代码编译 glCompileShader(vertex);//检查vertex编译结果glGetShaderiv(vertex, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetShaderInfoLog(vertex, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER COMPILE ERROR –VERTEX \n infoLog std::endl;}glCompileShader(fragment);//检查fragment编译结果glGetShaderiv(fragment, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetShaderInfoLog(fragment, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER COMPILE ERROR –FRAGMENT \n infoLog std::endl;}//5 创建一个Program壳子program glCreateProgram();//6 将vs与fs编译好的结果放到program这个壳子里glAttachShader(program, vertex);glAttachShader(program, fragment);//7 执行program的链接操作形成最终可执行shader程序glLinkProgram(program);//检查链接错误glGetProgramiv(program, GL_LINK_STATUS, success);if (!success) {glGetProgramInfoLog(program, 1024, NULL, infoLog);std::cout Error: SHADER LINK ERROR \n infoLog std::endl;}//清理glDeleteShader(vertex);glDeleteShader(fragment); }void render() {//执行opengl画布清理操作GL_CALL(glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT));//1 绑定当前的programglUseProgram(program);//2 绑定当前的vaoglBindVertexArray(vao);//3 发出绘制指令glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, 6);// glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6);// glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, 6); }int main() {if (!app-init(800, 600)) {return -1;}app-setResizeCallback(OnResize);app-setKeyBoardCallback(OnKey);//设置opengl视口以及清理颜色GL_CALL(glViewport(0, 0, 800, 600));GL_CALL(glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f));prepareShader();// prepareInterleavedBuffer();prepareVAOForGLTriangles();while (app-update()) {render();}app-destroy();return 0; }7.其他代码文件 7.1.主CMakeLists.txt

  指定 CMake 最低版本

  cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.12)# 项目名称 project(OpenGL_Lecture)# 设置 C 标准 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)# 包含头文件目录 include_directories(\({CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/thirdParty/include/usr/include )# 包含库文件目录 link_directories(\){CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/thirdParty/lib/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu )# 设置 CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH 以找到 GLFW set(CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH /usr/local/lib/cmake/glfw3) set(GLFW_DIR /usr/local/lib/cmake/glfw3)# 查找 GLFW3 库 find_package(glfw3 REQUIRED CONFIG)add_subdirectory(wrapper) add_subdirectory(application)# 添加可执行文件 add_executable(openglStudy main.cpp glad.c)# 链接库 target_link_libraries(openglStudy glfw wrapper app)7.2.application\CMakeLists.txt #递归将本文件夹下所有cpp放到FUNCS中 file(GLOB_RECURSE APP ./ .cpp)#将FUNCS中所有cpp编译为funcs这个lib库 add_library(app \({APP} )target_include_directories(app PRIVATE \){CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}) target_link_libraries(app PRIVATE glfw)7.3.application\Application.h #pragma once / *┌────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ *│　目 标 封装Application表示了当前应用程序本身 *│　讲 师 赵新政(Carma Zhao) *│　拆分目标 *│ *│　 1 单例类全局唯一实例 *│　 2 成员变量 成员函数

• 		2.1 成员函数-init初始化
  

• 		2.2 成员函数-update每一帧执行
  

• 		2.3 成员函数-destroy结尾执行
  

  *│　 3 响应回调函数(Resize)

• 		3.1 声明一个函数指针ResizeCallback
  

• 		3.2 声明一个ResizeCallback类型的成员变量
  

• 		3.3 声明一个SetResizeCallback的函数 设置窗体变化响应回调函数
  

• 		3.4 声明一个static的静态函数用于响应glfw窗体变化
  

• 		3.5 将静态函数设置到glfw的监听Resize监听当中
  

• 		3.6 * 学会使用glfw的UserPointer
  

  *│　 4 响应键盘消息函数(KeyBoard)

• 		3.1 声明一个static的静态函数用于响应glfw的键盘事件
  

• 		3.2 将静态函数设置到glfw的监听KeyCallback监听当中
  

• 		3.3 声明一个函数指针KeyBoardCallback
  

• 		3.4 声明一个KeyBoardCallback类型的成员变量
  

• 		3.5 声明一个SetKeyBoardCallback的函数 设置键盘响应回调函数
  

• 		3.6 * 学会使用glfw的UserPointer
  

  *└────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ / #include iostream#define app Application::getInstance()class GLFWwindow;using ResizeCallback void()(int width, int height); using KeyBoardCallback void()(int key, int action, int mods);class Application { public:~Application();//用于访问实例的静态函数static Application getInstance();bool init(const int width 800, const int height 600);bool update();void destroy();uint32_t getWidth()const { return mWidth; }uint32_t getHeight()const { return mHeight; }void setResizeCallback(ResizeCallback callback) { mResizeCallback callback; }void setKeyBoardCallback(KeyBoardCallback callback) { mKeyBoardCallback callback; }private://C类内函数指针static void frameBufferSizeCallback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height);static void keyCallback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods);private://全局唯一的静态变量实例static Application* mInstance;uint32_t mWidth{ 0 };uint32_t mHeight{ 0 };GLFWwindow* mWindow{ nullptr };ResizeCallback mResizeCallback{ nullptr };KeyBoardCallback mKeyBoardCallback{ nullptr };Application(); };7.4.application\Application.cpp #include Application.h #includeglad/glad.h #includeGLFW/glfw3.h//初始化Application的静态变量 Application* Application::mInstance nullptr; Application* Application::getInstance() {//如果mInstance已经实例化了new出来了就直接返回//否则需要先new出来再返回if (mInstance nullptr) {mInstance new Application();}return mInstance; }Application::Application() {}Application::~Application() {}bool Application::init(const int width, const int height) {mWidth width;mHeight height;//1 初始化GLFW基本环境glfwInit();//1.1 设置OpenGL主版本号、次版本号glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);//1.2 设置OpenGL启用核心模式非立即渲染模式glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);//2 创建窗体对象mWindow glfwCreateWindow(mWidth, mHeight, OpenGLStudy, NULL, NULL);if (mWindow NULL) {return false;}//*设置当前窗体对象为OpenGL的绘制舞台glfwMakeContextCurrent(mWindow);if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress)) {std::cout Failed to initialize GLAD std::endl;return false;}glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(mWindow, frameBufferSizeCallback);//this就是当前全局唯一的Application对象glfwSetWindowUserPointer(mWindow, this);//键盘响应glfwSetKeyCallback(mWindow, keyCallback);return true; }bool Application::update() {if (glfwWindowShouldClose(mWindow)) {return false;}//接收并分发窗体消息//检查消息队列是否有需要处理的鼠标、键盘等消息//如果有的话就将消息批量处理清空队列glfwPollEvents();//切换双缓存glfwSwapBuffers(mWindow);return true; }void Application::destroy() {//退出程序前做相关清理glfwTerminate(); }void Application::frameBufferSizeCallback(GLFWwindow window, int width, int height) {std::cout Resize std::endl;Application* self (Application)glfwGetWindowUserPointer(window);if (self-mResizeCallback ! nullptr) {self-mResizeCallback(width, height);}//if (Application::getInstance()-mResizeCallback ! nullptr) {// Application::getInstance()-mResizeCallback(width, height);//} }void Application::keyCallback(GLFWwindow window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mods) {Application* self (Application*)glfwGetWindowUserPointer(window);if (self-mKeyBoardCallback ! nullptr) {self-mKeyBoardCallback(key, action, mods);} }7.5.wrapper\CMakeLists.txt #递归将本文件夹下所有cpp放到FUNCS中 file(GLOB_RECURSE WRAPPER ./ *.cpp)#将FUNCS中所有cpp编译为funcs这个lib库 add_library(wrapper \({WRAPPER} )target_include_directories(wrapper PRIVATE \){CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}) target_link_libraries(wrapper PRIVATE glfw)7.6.wrapper\checkError.h #pragma once //预编译宏 #ifdef DEBUG #define GL_CALL(func) func;checkError(); #else #define GL_CALL(func) #endif void checkError();7.7.wrapper\checkError.cpp #include checkError.h #include glad/glad.h #include string #include iostream #include assert.hvoid checkError() {GLenum errorCode glGetError();std::string error ;if (errorCode ! GL_NO_ERROR) {switch (errorCode){case GL_INVALID_ENUM: error INVALID_ENUM; break;case GL_INVALID_VALUE: error INVALID_VALUE; break;case GL_INVALID_OPERATION: error INVALID_OPERATION; break;case GL_OUT_OF_MEMORY: error OUT OF MEMORY; break;default:error UNKNOWN;break;}std::cout error std::endl;//assert会根据传入的bool值来决定程序是否停止//true程序顺利运行//false程序会断死assert(false);} }