当前位置： 首页 > news >正文

上海大 小企业网站制作,中国建设网站培训通知,电子商务网站建设与管理期末考试,辽宁智能网站建设推荐安装 在大致了解了一些k8s的基本概念之后#xff0c;我们实际部署一个k8s集群#xff0c;做进一步的了解 1. 裸机安装 采用三台机器#xff0c;一台机器为Master#xff08;控制面板组件#xff09;两台机器为Node#xff08;工作节点#xff09; 机器的准备有两种方式…安装 在大致了解了一些k8s的基本概念之后我们实际部署一个k8s集群做进一步的了解 1. 裸机安装 采用三台机器一台机器为Master控制面板组件两台机器为Node工作节点 机器的准备有两种方式 VMware虚拟机 centos7操作系统 三台云厂商 租用服务器 按量付费 费用极低 用完销毁即可 1.1 设置主机名

每个节点分别设置对应主机名

hostnamectl set-hostname master hostnamectl set-hostname node1 hostnamectl set-hostname node21.2 修改hosts

所有节点都修改 hosts

vim /etc/hosts 192.168.200.104 master 192.168.200.105 node1 192.168.200.106 node2192.168.66.128 master 192.168.66.131 node1 192.168.66.132 node21.3 关闭防火墙

所有节点关闭 SELinux

setenforce 0 sed -i –follow-symlinks s/SELINUXenforcing/SELINUXdisabled/g /etc/sysconfig/selinux所有节点确保防火墙关闭 systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld关闭swap分区

临时关闭

swapoff -a# 永久关闭
vim /etc/fstab #注释下面这行,或使用 sed 命令注释 sed -ri s/.swap./#/ /etc/fstab #/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0# 查看是否关闭成功 free -m

若都显示 0 则表示关闭成功需要重启服务器生效可以使用 reboot 或 shutdown -r now 命令重启

[rootmaster ~]# free -mtotal used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 3770 305 3115 11 350 3242 Swap: 0 0 0 同步网络时间

如果没有 ntpdate 使用如下命令安装

yum install -y ntpdate

ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com # 使用 date
1.4 添加安装源 #所有节点

添加 k8s 安装源

cat EOF kubernetes.repo [kubernetes] nameKubernetes baseurlhttps://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64 enabled1 gpgcheck0 repo_gpgcheck0 gpgkeyhttps://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg EOF mv kubernetes.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/# 添加 Docker 安装源 yum-config-manager –add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo如果报错 -bash: yum-config-manager: command not found 则运行 yum install -y yum-utils 如果安装 yum-utils 报错 failure: repodata/repomd.xml from kubernetes: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.则设置 repo_gpgcheck0 1.5 安装所需组件 Kubectl Kubectl 管理 Kubernetes 集群命令行工具kubeadmKubeadm 是一个快捷搭建kubernetes(k8s)的安装工具,它提供了kubeadm init 以及kubeadm join这两个命令来快速创建kubernetes集群kubeletkubelet 是在每个 Node 节点上运行的主要 “节点代理”。

所有节点

yum install -y kubelet-1.23.9 kubectl-1.23.9 kubeadm-1.23.9 docker-ce1.6 启动 #所有节点 systemctl enable docker systemctl start docker systemctl enable kubelet systemctl start kubelet1.8 修改docker配置

kubernetes 官方推荐 docker 等使用 systemd 作为 cgroupdriver否则 kubelet 启动不了

cat EOF daemon.json {exec-opts: [native.cgroupdriversystemd],registry-mirrors: [https://tfm2bi1b.mirror.aliyuncs.com] } EOF mv daemon.json /etc/docker/# 重启生效 systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart docker1.9 kubeadm 初始化集群 #仅在主节点运行

失败了可以用 kubeadm reset 重置

#关闭交互分区 swapoff -a#初始化集群控制台 Control plane

apiserver-advertise-address master 节点 IP

image-repository镜像仓库地址

kubernetes-version 版本号

pod-network-cidr 和 service-cidr 不清楚如何设置使用该默认值

查看其他默认值可使用命令 kubeadm config print init-defaults kubeadm.yaml 查看默认初始化文件

kubeadm init
–apiserver-advertise-address192.168.66.133
–image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
–kubernetes-versionv1.23.9
–pod-network-cidr10.244.0.0/16
–service-cidr10.96.0.0/16 # 记得把 kubeadm join xxx 保存起来

忘记了重新获取kubeadm token create –print-join-command# 复制授权文件以便 kubectl 可以有权限访问集群

如果你其他节点需要访问集群需要从主节点复制这个文件过去其他节点

mkdir -p \(HOME/.kube cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf \)HOME/.kube/config chown \((id -u):\)(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config# 在其他机器上创建 ~/.kube/config 文件也能通过 kubectl 访问到集群kubeadm join 192.168.200.101:6443 –token wou8ux.tpfiunjbgrjqy8vz –discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:f1ae65b2e88427a44cd0883df9739bb13e3bb122227b7a12c4717d68c317cdc8 如果token过期可以在master 主节点执行 kubeadm token create –print-join-command –ttl0 token 永不过期获取到新的join命令 1.10 把工作节点加入集群 swapoff -a kubeadm join 192.168.200.101:6443 –token wou8ux.tpfiunjbgrjqy8vz –discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:f1ae65b2e88427a44cd0883df9739bb13e3bb122227b7a12c4717d68c317cdc8 1.11 安装网络插件

kube-flannel.yml

kind: Namespace apiVersion: v1

metadata:name: kube-flannellabels:pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: privileged

kind: ClusterRole apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata:name: flannel rules:

• apiGroups:- resources:- podsverbs:- get
• apiGroups:- resources:- nodesverbs:- list- watch
• apiGroups:- resources:- nodes/statusverbs:- patch — kind: ClusterRoleBinding apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata:name: flannel roleRef:apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.iokind: ClusterRolename: flannel subjects:
• kind: ServiceAccountname: flannelnamespace: kube-flannel — apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata:name: flannelnamespace: kube-flannel — kind: ConfigMap apiVersion: v1 metadata:name: kube-flannel-cfgnamespace: kube-flannellabels:tier: nodeapp: flannel data:cni-conf.json: |{name: cbr0,cniVersion: 0.3.1,plugins: [{type: flannel,delegate: {hairpinMode: true,isDefaultGateway: true}},{type: portmap,capabilities: {portMappings: true}}]}net-conf.json: |{Network: 10.244.0.0/16,Backend: {Type: vxlan}} — apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: DaemonSet metadata:name: kube-flannel-dsnamespace: kube-flannellabels:tier: nodeapp: flannel spec:selector:matchLabels:app: flanneltemplate:metadata:labels:tier: nodeapp: flannelspec:affinity:nodeAffinity:requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:nodeSelectorTerms:- matchExpressions:- key: kubernetes.io/osoperator: Invalues:- linuxhostNetwork: truepriorityClassName: system-node-criticaltolerations:- operator: Existseffect: NoScheduleserviceAccountName: flannelinitContainers:- name: install-cni-plugin#image: flannelcni/flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.0 for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.0command:- cpargs:- -f- /flannel- /opt/cni/bin/flannelvolumeMounts:- name: cni-pluginmountPath: /opt/cni/bin- name: install-cni#image: flannelcni/flannel:v0.19.0 for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.0command:- cpargs:- -f- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflistvolumeMounts:- name: cnimountPath: /etc/cni/net.d- name: flannel-cfgmountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/containers:- name: kube-flannel#image: flannelcni/flannel:v0.19.0 for ppc64le and mips64le (dockerhub limitations may apply)image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.0command:- /opt/bin/flanneldargs:- –ip-masq- –kube-subnet-mgrresources:requests:cpu: 100mmemory: 50Milimits:cpu: 100mmemory: 50MisecurityContext:privileged: falsecapabilities:add: [NET_ADMIN, NET_RAW]env:- name: POD_NAMEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: metadata.name- name: POD_NAMESPACEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: metadata.namespace- name: EVENT_QUEUE_DEPTHvalue: 5000volumeMounts:- name: runmountPath: /run/flannel- name: flannel-cfgmountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/- name: xtables-lockmountPath: /run/xtables.lockvolumes:- name: runhostPath:path: /run/flannel- name: cni-pluginhostPath:path: /opt/cni/bin- name: cnihostPath:path: /etc/cni/net.d- name: flannel-cfgconfigMap:name: kube-flannel-cfg- name: xtables-lockhostPath:path: /run/xtables.locktype: FileOrCreatekubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml1.12 安装 dashboard github地址https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/ 我们的版本为v1.23 所以安装 2.5.1版本 资料中的kubernetes-dashboard.yaml 执行安装 kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml资料中dashboard-adminuser.yaml 想要访问dashboard服务就要有访问权限创建kubernetes-dashboard管理员角色 kubectl apply -f dashboard-adminuser.yamlkubectl describe secrets -n kubernetes-dashboard admin-user-token | grep token | awk NR3{print $2}获取到token eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6Ik5nUVQzNjhGS0R6MGlWLU82VnFraEdpRWtCajFnQ1hhVWdfc1Fmbjl3NlEifQ.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.G9zvUV2Xh5lHmk5YF7evjlA78x8EMEpbdVySOijXgIbToHt8XUw5H5YKOMRgEvQ-hVM__BaPAH5MhtcIQLFD7VSr6sXEU3tbBDaPGVEEA8fl4HZh-lLkcGb1OpGmgdmM3-V7W2iere79kD6JDkpq4NzuKDu-OLyMl2eyBuKunPICeV0KG75rzfglopIqkZ5U6lYdiG9B8Kyk51RIHq6303E-6iGNoSYVfPoqNtxpX3Ws7qitAX5nDJ9X1DLjBSH7TKjeaBxgm7MOF2BJHvIIVSkTv03aXvJZ96yZdEzUlF7fvMEnF7sSsqYBM8k-W1hQG-6J1-6Mn2JkwCAFf8TA查看服务端口 kubectl get pods –all-namespaces kubectl describe pod kubernetes-dashboard –namespacekubernetes-dashboardkubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard登录 https://192.168.200.101:32000 看到ui界面 出问题可清空一个iptables systemctl stop kubelet systemctl stop docker iptables –flush systemctl start kubelet systemctl start docker[rootnode1 ~]# kubeadm init I0407 11:20:08.423214 12515 version.go:255] remote version is much newer: v1.29.3; falling back to: stable-1.23 [init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.23.17 [preflight] Running pre-flight checks[WARNING SystemVerification]: this Docker version is not on the list of validated versions: 26.0.0. Latest validated version: 20.10 [preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster [preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection [preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using kubeadm config images pull error execution phase preflight: [preflight] Some fatal errors occurred:[ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.23.17: output: Error response from daemon: Get https://k8s.gcr.io/v2/: net/http: request canceled while waiting for connection (Client.Timeout exceeded while awaiting headers) , error: exit status 1[ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.23.17: output: Error response from daemon: Get https://k8s.gcr.io/v2/: dial tcp 74.125.203.82:443: i/o timeout (Client.Timeout exceeded while awaiting headers) , error: exit status 1[ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.23.17: output: Error response from daemon: Get https://k8s.gcr.io/v2/: context deadline exceeded , error: exit status 1[ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.23.17: output: Error response from daemon: Get https://k8s.gcr.io/v2/: dial tcp 74.125.203.82:443: i/o timeout , error: exit status 1[ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.6: output: Error response from daemon: Get https://k8s.gcr.io/v2/: context deadline exceeded , error: exit status 1[ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.5.1-0: output: Error response from daemon: Get https://k8s.gcr.io/v2/: context deadline exceeded , error: exit status 1[ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image k8s.gcr.io/coredns/coredns:v1.8.6: output: Error response from daemon: Get https://k8s.gcr.io/v2/: net/http: request canceled while waiting for connection (Client.Timeout exceeded while awaiting headers) , error: exit status 1 deadline exceeded , error: exit status 1 [ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.5.1-0: output: Error response from daemon: Get “https://k8s.gcr.io/v2/”: context deadline exceeded , error: exit status 1 [ERROR ImagePull]: failed to pull image k8s.gcr.io/coredns/coredns:v1.8.6: output: Error response from daemon: Get “https://k8s.gcr.io/v2/”: net/http: request canceled while waiting for connection (Client.Timeout exceeded while awaiting headers) , error: exit status 1