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golang常用库包：http和API客户端请求库

作者: 五速梦信息网
时间: 2026年04月04日 13:41

简介

golang 里的 http 标准库，发起 http 请求时，写法比较繁琐。所以智慧又“偷懒的”程序员们，发挥自己的创造力，写出了一些好用的第三方库，这里介绍其中的一个 http 库：go-resty

go-resty 特性

go-resty 有很多特性：

发起 GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, HEAD, PATCH, OPTIONS, etc. 请求
简单的链式书写
自动解析 JSON 和 XML 类型的文档
上传文件
重试功能
客户端测试功能
Resty client
Custom Root Certificates and Client Certificates
... ....

等等很多特性。

go-resty更多功能特性请查看文档：go-resty features

go-resty 使用

go-resty: v2.3.0

简单的GET

simple_get.go

package main
import (

	"fmt"
	"github.com/go-resty/resty/v2"

)
func main() {

	client := resty.New() // 创建一个restry客户端

	resp, err := client.R().EnableTrace().Get("https://httpbin.org/get")
	// Explore response object

	fmt.Println("Response Info:")

	fmt.Println("  Error      :", err)

	fmt.Println("  Status Code:", resp.StatusCode())

	fmt.Println("  Status     :", resp.Status())

	fmt.Println("  Proto      :", resp.Proto())

	fmt.Println("  Time       :", resp.Time())

	fmt.Println("  Received At:", resp.ReceivedAt())

	fmt.Println("  Body       :\n", resp)

	fmt.Println()
	// Explore trace info

	fmt.Println("Request Trace Info:")

	ti := resp.Request.TraceInfo()

	fmt.Println("  DNSLookup     :", ti.DNSLookup)

	fmt.Println("  ConnTime      :", ti.ConnTime)

	fmt.Println("  TCPConnTime   :", ti.TCPConnTime)

	fmt.Println("  TLSHandshake  :", ti.TLSHandshake)

	fmt.Println("  ServerTime    :", ti.ServerTime)

	fmt.Println("  ResponseTime  :", ti.ResponseTime)

	fmt.Println("  TotalTime     :", ti.TotalTime)

	fmt.Println("  IsConnReused  :", ti.IsConnReused)

	fmt.Println("  IsConnWasIdle :", ti.IsConnWasIdle)

	fmt.Println("  ConnIdleTime  :", ti.ConnIdleTime)

	// fmt.Println("  RequestAttempt:", ti.RequestAttempt)

	// fmt.Println("  RemoteAddr    :", ti.RemoteAddr.String())

}

增强的GET

client := resty.New()

	resp, err := client.R().

		SetQueryParams(map[string]string{

			"page_no": "1",

			"limit":   "20",

			"sort":    "name",

			"order":   "asc",

			"random":  strconv.FormatInt(time.Now().Unix(), 10),

		}).

		SetHeader("Accept", "application/json").

		SetAuthToken("BC594900518B4F7EAC75BD37F019E08FBC594900518B4F7EAC75BD37F019E08F").

		Get("/search_result")
	// Request.SetQueryString method

	resp, err := client.R().

		SetQueryString("productId=232&template=fresh-sample&cat=resty&source=google&kw=buy a lot more").

		SetHeader("Accept", "application/json").

		SetAuthToken("BC594900518B4F7EAC75BD37F019E08FBC594900518B4F7EAC75BD37F019E08F").

		Get("/show_product")
	// 解析返回的内容，内容是json解析到struct

	resp, err := client.R().

		SetResult(result).

		ForceContentType("application/json").

		Get("v2/alpine/mainfestes/latest")

各种POST方法



// Create a Resty Clientclient := resty.New()
// POST JSON string// No need to set content type, if you have client level settingresp, err := client.R().

      SetHeader("Content-Type", "application/json").

      SetBody(`{"username":"testuser", "password":"testpass"}`).

      SetResult(&AuthSuccess{}).    // or SetResult(AuthSuccess{}).

      Post("https://myapp.com/login")
// POST []byte array// No need to set content type, if you have client level settingresp, err := client.R().

      SetHeader("Content-Type", "application/json").

      SetBody([]byte(`{"username":"testuser", "password":"testpass"}`)).

      SetResult(&AuthSuccess{}).    // or SetResult(AuthSuccess{}).

      Post("https://myapp.com/login")
// POST Struct, default is JSON content type. No need to set oneresp, err := client.R().

      SetBody(User{Username: "testuser", Password: "testpass"}).

      SetResult(&AuthSuccess{}).    // or SetResult(AuthSuccess{}).

      SetError(&AuthError{}).       // or SetError(AuthError{}).

      Post("https://myapp.com/login")
// POST Map, default is JSON content type. No need to set oneresp, err := client.R().

      SetBody(map[string]interface{}{"username": "testuser", "password": "testpass"}).

      SetResult(&AuthSuccess{}).    // or SetResult(AuthSuccess{}).

      SetError(&AuthError{}).       // or SetError(AuthError{}).

      Post("https://myapp.com/login")
// POST of raw bytes for file upload. For example: upload file to DropboxfileBytes, _ := ioutil.ReadFile("/Users/jeeva/mydocument.pdf")
// See we are not setting content-type header, since go-resty automatically detects Content-Type for youresp, err := client.R().

      SetBody(fileBytes).

      SetContentLength(true).          // Dropbox expects this value

      SetAuthToken("<your-auth-token>").

      SetError(&DropboxError{}).       // or SetError(DropboxError{}).

      Post("https://content.dropboxapi.com/1/files_put/auto/resty/mydocument.pdf") // for upload Dropbox supports PUT too
// Note: resty detects Content-Type for request body/payload if content type header is not set.//   * For struct and map data type defaults to 'application/json'//   * Fallback is plain text content type

PUT



// Note: This is one sample of PUT method usage, refer POST for more combination
// Create a Resty Clientclient := resty.New()
// Request goes as JSON content type// No need to set auth token, error, if you have client level settingsresp, err := client.R().

      SetBody(Article{

        Title: "go-resty",

        Content: "This is my article content, oh ya!",

        Author: "Jeevanandam M",

        Tags: []string{"article", "sample", "resty"},

      }).

      SetAuthToken("C6A79608-782F-4ED0-A11D-BD82FAD829CD").

      SetError(&Error{}).       // or SetError(Error{}).

      Put("https://myapp.com/article/1234")

PATCH



// Note: This is one sample of PUT method usage, refer POST for more combination
// Create a Resty Clientclient := resty.New()
// Request goes as JSON content type// No need to set auth token, error, if you have client level settingsresp, err := client.R().

      SetBody(Article{

        Tags: []string{"new tag1", "new tag2"},

      }).

      SetAuthToken("C6A79608-782F-4ED0-A11D-BD82FAD829CD").

      SetError(&Error{}).       // or SetError(Error{}).

      Patch("https://myapp.com/articles/1234")

DELETE, HEAD, OPTIONS



// Create a Resty Clientclient := resty.New()
// DELETE a article// No need to set auth token, error, if you have client level settingsresp, err := client.R().

      SetAuthToken("C6A79608-782F-4ED0-A11D-BD82FAD829CD").

      SetError(&Error{}).       // or SetError(Error{}).

      Delete("https://myapp.com/articles/1234")
// DELETE a articles with payload/body as a JSON string// No need to set auth token, error, if you have client level settingsresp, err := client.R().

      SetAuthToken("C6A79608-782F-4ED0-A11D-BD82FAD829CD").

      SetError(&Error{}).       // or SetError(Error{}).

      SetHeader("Content-Type", "application/json").

      SetBody(`{article_ids: [1002, 1006, 1007, 87683, 45432] }`).

      Delete("https://myapp.com/articles")
// HEAD of resource// No need to set auth token, if you have client level settingsresp, err := client.R().

      SetAuthToken("C6A79608-782F-4ED0-A11D-BD82FAD829CD").

      Head("https://myapp.com/videos/hi-res-video")
// OPTIONS of resource// No need to set auth token, if you have client level settingsresp, err := client.R().

      SetAuthToken("C6A79608-782F-4ED0-A11D-BD82FAD829CD").

      Options("https://myapp.com/servers/nyc-dc-01")

Requst and Response Middleware



// Create a Resty Clientclient := resty.New()
// Registering Request Middlewareclient.OnBeforeRequest(func(c *resty.Client, req *resty.Request) error {

    // Now you have access to Client and current Request object

    // manipulate it as per your need
return nil  // if its success otherwise return error

  })
// Registering Response Middlewareclient.OnAfterResponse(func(c *resty.Client, resp *resty.Response) error {

    // Now you have access to Client and current Response object

    // manipulate it as per your need
return nil  // if its success otherwise return error

  })

重试 Retries



// Create a Resty Clientclient := resty.New()
// Retries are configured per clientclient.

    // Set retry count to non zero to enable retries

    SetRetryCount(3).

    // You can override initial retry wait time.

    // Default is 100 milliseconds.

    SetRetryWaitTime(5 * time.Second).

    // MaxWaitTime can be overridden as well.

    // Default is 2 seconds.

    SetRetryMaxWaitTime(20 * time.Second).

    // SetRetryAfter sets callback to calculate wait time between retries.

    // Default (nil) implies exponential backoff with jitter

    SetRetryAfter(func(client *resty.Client, resp *resty.Response) (time.Duration, error) {

        return 0, errors.New("quota exceeded")

    })

Above setup will result in resty retrying requests returned non nil error up to 3 times with delay increased after each attempt.

You can optionally provide client with custom retry conditions:



// Create a Resty Clientclient := resty.New()
client.AddRetryCondition(

    // RetryConditionFunc type is for retry condition function

    // input: non-nil Response OR request execution error

    func(r *resty.Response) (bool, error) {

        return r.StatusCode() == http.StatusTooManyRequests

    },

)

多个客户端请求



// Here you go!// Client 1client1 := resty.New()

client1.R().Get("http://httpbin.org")

// ...
// Client 2client2 := resty.New()

client2.R().Head("http://httpbin.org")

// ...
// Bend it as per your need!!!