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自己免费做网站(三),wordpress主机记录,大连工业大学考研,与网站设计相关的软件主要有dig 命令是一个用于在 Unix/Linux 操作系统中执行 DNS 查询的工具。它是 DNS 客户端#xff0c;通常用于查询 DNS 服务器的信息#xff0c;如域名解析、IP 地址查询等。 博主博客 https://blog.uso6.comhttps://blog.csdn.net/dxk539687357 一、常见 DNS 记录类型 类型描述… dig 命令是一个用于在 Unix/Linux 操作系统中执行 DNS 查询的工具。它是 DNS 客户端通常用于查询 DNS 服务器的信息如域名解析、IP 地址查询等。 博主博客 https://blog.uso6.comhttps://blog.csdn.net/dxk539687357 一、常见 DNS 记录类型 类型描述A记录Address Record将域名解析为 IPv4 地址。例如将 blog.uso6.com 解析为192.0.2.1。AAAA记录IPv6 Address Record将域名解析为 IPv6 地址。类似于 A 记录但用于 IPv6 地址。例如将. blog.uso6.com 解析为 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334。CNAME记录Canonical Name Record将域名指向另一个域名别名。例如将 www.uso6.com 指向 uso6.com。MX记录Mail Exchange Record指定接收域名的电子邮件服务器。例如将 uso6.com 的 MX 记录指向 mail.uso6.com。TXT记录Text Record用于存储文本信息。通常用于验证域名所有权、配置SPF记录等。NS记录Name Server Record指定管理特定域名的DNS服务器。例如将 uso6.com 的 NS 记录指向 ns1.uso6.com。PTR记录Pointer Record用于反向 DNS 查找将 IP 地址解析为域名。例如将 192.0.2.1 解析为 uso6.com。SRV记录Service Record指定提供特定服务的主机和端口号。通常用于标识 XMPP、SIP 等服务的位置。SOA记录Start of Authority Record指定主要域的授权DNS服务器和主要管理员的邮箱地址以及域的重试间隔等参数。 这些是 DNS 中最常见的记录类型每种记录类型都有其特定的用途和功能用于支持互联网中的不同服务和功能。 二、基本用法 这将查询 uso6.com 的 DNS 记录并返回与该域名相关的信息如 IP 地址、MX 记录等。 [nukixuso6 ~]# dig uso6.com; DiG 9.10.6 uso6.com ;; global options: cmd ;; Got answer: ;; -HEADER- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 26052 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 13;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: ; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;uso6.com. IN A;; ANSWER SECTION: uso6.com. 600 IN A 104.21.88.196 uso6.com. 600 IN A 172.67.152.157;; AUTHORITY SECTION: uso6.com. 578 IN NS jarred.ns.cloudflare.com. uso6.com. 578 IN NS sima.ns.cloudflare.com.;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: sima.ns.cloudflare.com. 537 IN A 172.64.32.222 sima.ns.cloudflare.com. 537 IN A 173.245.58.222 sima.ns.cloudflare.com. 537 IN A 108.162.192.222 jarred.ns.cloudflare.com. 37 IN A 162.159.44.126 jarred.ns.cloudflare.com. 37 IN A 172.64.35.126 jarred.ns.cloudflare.com. 37 IN A 108.162.195.126 sima.ns.cloudflare.com. 393 IN AAAA 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:20de sima.ns.cloudflare.com. 393 IN AAAA 2606:4700:50::adf5:3ade sima.ns.cloudflare.com. 393 IN AAAA 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c0de jarred.ns.cloudflare.com. 314 IN AAAA 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c37e jarred.ns.cloudflare.com. 314 IN AAAA 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:237e jarred.ns.cloudflare.com. 314 IN AAAA 2606:4700:58::a29f:2c7e;; Query time: 197 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.0.1#53(192.168.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed May 22 19:48:49 CST 2024 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 387三、指定 DNS 服务器 使用指定的 DNS 服务器 IP 地址来执行 DNS 查询。例如使用 8.8.8.8 DNS 服务器 一定要带 。 [nukixuso6 ~]# dig uso6.com 8.8.8.8; DiG 9.10.6 uso6.com 8.8.8.8 ;; global options: cmd ;; Got answer: ;; -HEADER- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 13776 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: ; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 512 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;uso6.com. IN A;; ANSWER SECTION: uso6.com. 300 IN A 104.21.88.196 uso6.com. 300 IN A 172.67.152.157;; Query time: 162 msec ;; SERVER: 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) ;; WHEN: Wed May 22 19:52:53 CST 2024 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 69四、指定查询类型 查询域名的 MX 邮件交换记录。 [nukixuso6 ~]# dig uso6.com MX; DiG 9.10.6 uso6.com MX ;; global options: cmd ;; Got answer: ;; -HEADER- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 7948 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 15;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: ; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;uso6.com. IN MX;; ANSWER SECTION: uso6.com. 600 IN MX 10 mail.uso6.com.;; AUTHORITY SECTION: uso6.com. 221 IN NS sima.ns.cloudflare.com. uso6.com. 221 IN NS jarred.ns.cloudflare.com.;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: mail.uso6.com. 578 IN A 148.135.109.239 sima.ns.cloudflare.com. 180 IN A 108.162.192.222 sima.ns.cloudflare.com. 180 IN A 172.64.32.222 sima.ns.cloudflare.com. 180 IN A 173.245.58.222 jarred.ns.cloudflare.com. 291 IN A 108.162.195.126 jarred.ns.cloudflare.com. 291 IN A 162.159.44.126 jarred.ns.cloudflare.com. 291 IN A 172.64.35.126 mail.uso6.com. 578 IN AAAA 2607:f130:0:13c::4ce9:b010 sima.ns.cloudflare.com. 36 IN AAAA 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c0de sima.ns.cloudflare.com. 36 IN AAAA 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:20de sima.ns.cloudflare.com. 36 IN AAAA 2606:4700:50::adf5:3ade jarred.ns.cloudflare.com. 550 IN AAAA 2a06:98c1:50::ac40:237e jarred.ns.cloudflare.com. 550 IN AAAA 2606:4700:58::a29f:2c7e jarred.ns.cloudflare.com. 550 IN AAAA 2803:f800:50::6ca2:c37e;; Query time: 161 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.0.1#53(192.168.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed May 22 19:54:46 CST 2024 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 420五、反向查询 对给定的 IP 地址执行反向 DNS 查询查找对应的域名。比如我服务器 IP 是 148.135.109.239。 [nukixuso6 ~]# dig -x 148.135.109.239 ;; Warning: Message parser reports malformed message packet.; DiG 9.10.6 -x 148.135.109.239 ;; global options: cmd ;; Got answer: ;; -HEADER- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 36991 ;; flags: qr ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: ; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;239.109.135.148.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: 239.109.135.148.in-addr.arpa. 497 IN PTR mail.uso6.com.;; Query time: 53 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.0.1#53(192.168.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed May 22 19:57:28 CST 2024 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 84六、详细输出 输出详细的跟踪信息显示 DNS 查询过程中经过的所有步骤。 [nukixuso6 ~]# dig trace uso6.com ; DiG 9.11.36-RedHat-9.11.36-13.el8 trace uso6.com ;; global options: cmd . 5 IN NS d.root-servers.net. . 5 IN NS c.root-servers.net. . 5 IN NS b.root-servers.net. . 5 IN NS a.root-servers.net. . 5 IN NS m.root-servers.net. . 5 IN NS l.root-servers.net. . 5 IN NS k.root-servers.net. . 5 IN NS j.root-servers.net. . 5 IN NS i.root-servers.net. . 5 IN NS h.root-servers.net. . 5 IN NS g.root-servers.net. . 5 IN NS f.root-servers.net. . 5 IN NS e.root-servers.net. ;; Received 433 bytes from 100.100.2.136#53(100.100.2.136) in 0 mscom. 172800 IN NS a.gtld-servers.net. com. 172800 IN NS b.gtld-servers.net. com. 172800 IN NS c.gtld-servers.net. com. 172800 IN NS d.gtld-servers.net. com. 172800 IN NS e.gtld-servers.net. com. 172800 IN NS f.gtld-servers.net. com. 172800 IN NS g.gtld-servers.net. com. 172800 IN NS h.gtld-servers.net. com. 172800 IN NS i.gtld-servers.net. com. 172800 IN NS j.gtld-servers.net. com. 172800 IN NS k.gtld-servers.net. com. 172800 IN NS l.gtld-servers.net. com. 172800 IN NS m.gtld-servers.net. com. 86400 IN DS 19718 13 2 8ACBB0CD28F41250A80A491389424D341522D946B0DA0C0291F2D3D7 71D7805A com. 86400 IN RRSIG DS 8 1 86400 20240604050000 20240522040000 5613 . fHw9nO0a5ElkgLINmgHJhSVOiu3RGsqXv7kev39DdYsPnjNN1hBUwNk UBqqrAJhuITTVqTvLB/ihF6FDzVEltvFfcSN3garR25wtMTTL4xsfYu WqTBrSQN1KwX8enxYVGH6AkZadJ23cjSEvEWPaZsx0/0Gfc5FPDVWuhL PG9CqOirnEvqxS95WhRHKcfHiO3KPGjzT1Hu8yHZOC1NK75M/Q21M7d y8jKOPJ6iW4fqqPElljeLqAkDmZIvmP/udPapzzx7TD7Eg6ctqqyR6/x yj2aGgj8G7VXfu49mB4e9/t1R5TwU5R8haij00IyHmRdF7f9Joc3kgd YK2XgA ;; Received 1168 bytes from 199.7.83.42#53(l.root-servers.net) in 37 msuso6.com. 172800 IN NS sima.ns.cloudflare.com. uso6.com. 172800 IN NS jarred.ns.cloudflare.com. CK0POJMG874LJREF7EFN8430QVIT8BSM.com. 86400 IN NSEC3 1 1 0 - CK0Q2D6NI4I7EQH8NA30NS61O48UL8G5 NS SOA RRSIG DNSKEY NSEC3PARAM CK0POJMG874LJREF7EFN8430QVIT8BSM.com. 86400 IN RRSIG NSEC3 13 2 86400 20240528042513 20240521031513 956 com. bUxLzRZW0UNAOPeMOTz2GMVh05uXRI74GZJLFuyUE5ITHgGLWyfRRYTH zSx4eDkhJTq3CMFD8zwI5gZ7ZakVRw CKAB4FRJE8NF15RJ0SM0K7C61MG4IJPL.com. 86400 IN NSEC3 1 1 0 - CKABJP4HNIAJJGRNNQH5B3IDPM1995BM NS DS RRSIG CKAB4FRJE8NF15RJ0SM0K7C61MG4IJPL.com. 86400 IN RRSIG NSEC3 13 2 86400 20240527062437 20240520051437 956 com. 18vHpx0qvbeQz3UJ9hOvbCbGcA3zBVrsc/SIl7Ku1IrrLz95cOOrpDR4 /VzW5jfHqyn1Z0eXcX2J/DqbmA2T1Q ;; Received 712 bytes from 192.48.79.30#53(j.gtld-servers.net) in 189 msuso6.com. 300 IN A 104.21.88.196 uso6.com. 300 IN A 172.67.152.157 ;; Received 69 bytes from 172.64.35.126#53(jarred.ns.cloudflare.com) in 176 ms七、显示详细的查询结果 只显示查询结果不显示额外的信息。 [nukixuso6 ~]# dig noall answer uso6.com uso6.com. 10 IN A 172.67.152.157 uso6.com. 10 IN A 104.21.88.196八、显示查询时间 设置查询超时时间单位为秒。 [nukixuso6 ~]# dig time1 uso6.com ; DiG 9.11.36-RedHat-9.11.36-13.el8 time1 uso6.com ;; global options: cmd ;; Got answer: ;; -HEADER- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 13821 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0;; QUESTION SECTION: ;uso6.com. IN A;; ANSWER SECTION: uso6.com. 10 IN A 172.67.152.157 uso6.com. 10 IN A 104.21.88.196;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: 100.100.2.136#53(100.100.2.136) ;; WHEN: Wed May 22 20:09:59 CST 2024 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 58九、显示指定域名的所有记录 查询给定域名的所有记录类型。 [nukixuso6 ~]# dig uso6.com ANY ; DiG 9.11.36-RedHat-9.11.36-13.el8 uso6.com ANY ;; global options: cmd ;; Got answer: ;; -HEADER- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 28326 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0;; QUESTION SECTION: ;uso6.com. IN ANY;; ANSWER SECTION: uso6.com. 3600 IN HINFO RFC8482 ;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: 100.100.2.136#53(100.100.2.136) ;; WHEN: Wed May 22 20:11:18 CST 2024 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 47十、显示精简结果 dig 命令默认返回的结果展示详细的信息如果要获得精简的结果可以使用 short 选项 [nukixuso6 ~]# dig short uso6.com 172.67.152.157 104.21.88.196只显示 ANSWER SECTION [nukixuso6 ~]# dig nocomments noquestion noauthority noadditional nostats uso6.com; DiG 9.10.6 nocomments noquestion noauthority noadditional nostats uso6.com ;; global options: cmd uso6.com. 600 IN A 104.21.88.196 uso6.com. 600 IN A 172.67.152.157只查询 TTL(Time to Live) [nukixuso6 ~]# dig nocmd noall answer ttlid uso6.com uso6.com. 600 IN A 104.21.88.196 uso6.com. 600 IN A 172.67.152.157十一、总结 dig 命令提供了丰富的选项可以进行各种类型的 DNS 查询。您可以通过 man dig 命令查看 dig 命令的完整手册以获取更多信息。